The April 2022 Monthly Report explains the development of the debt situation in the euro area’s private non-financial sector since the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and describes possibilities for the stability-oriented further development of the central government’s debt brake. Furthermore, the Monthly Report analyses the current developments in the demand for euro banknotes at the Bundesbank and contains a contribution on the possible macroeconomic consequences of the war in Ukraine: simulations of an intensified risk scenario. 

The macroeconomic environment is being shaped by the interest rate reversal and heightened uncertainty. So far, the German financial system has coped well with the rise in interest rates over the last year, but the effects of this rise have not yet fully materialised. Structural change in the economy is also likely to further increase credit risk.

The October 2017 Monthly Report analyses emerging market economies’ global liquidity, foreign reserves and exchange rates and contains an article on developments in the natural interest rate. In addition, the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process for smaller institutions and proportionality considerations are described, and the initial results of the new money market statistics as well as the new insurance statistics are presented.