The October 2020 edition of the Monthly Report analyses developments in the German banking system during the negative interest rate phase and outlines patterns of international business cycles. It also features an article on the protracted rise in real estate prices in Germany from a macroeconomic perspective, taking into account transmission channels and fundamental determinants. Finally, the report explains state government budget figures for 2019.

In the first half of 2020, the global coronavirus pandemic led to the most severe economic slump in Germany in decades. Governments and central banks around the world have taken extensive measures to stabilise the economy as well as labour and financial markets.

The Bank has achieved the reduction targets that it set itself for 2020 and 2025 ahead of schedule. This is due, in particular, to purchasing electricity generated from renewable energy sources, switching heat energy sources and reducing heat consumption.