The costs of payment methods for consumers are difficult to determine, not recorded in a harmonised manner on an international level and consequently vary significantly from country to country. For this reason, a separate study is necessary for Germany. As part of a representative survey conducted in 2023, households were asked about the costs they incurred when using various means of payment. 

The June 2020 edition of the Bundesbank’s Monthly Report outlines Germany’s economic outlook for 2020 to 2022 and features an article on the topic of cash withdrawals and payments in urban and rural areas.

The June 2022 edition of the Monthly Report outlines the outlook for the German economy for 2022 to 2024 and lays out long-term scenarios and options for reforming the pension insurance scheme. Furthermore, it analyses both bracket creep in income tax rates and the current developments and challenges facing public finances in the euro area. The report concludes with an article on the survey of firms conducted by the Deutsche Bundesbank and how it is used to assess the financial situation of the corporate sector.