The national accounts provide the statistical data required for the key macroeconomic indicators as a basis for observing and analysing economic activity. The main focus of the national accounts is the calculation of gross domestic product according to production, use and distribution.

National central bank (NCB) is the Eurosystem term for the central bank of an EU member state. To simplify the language regime used in relation to the Eurosystem and ESCB, the acronym NCB is used alongside the acronym ECB, which is not a national central bank.

In Eurosystem jargon, national banking supervisory authorities are known as national competent authorities (NCAs). In Germany, these are the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin), which reports to the Federal Ministry of Finance, and the Deutsche Bundesbank.

Near field communication (NFC) is a radio standard for wireless data transfer which is also used for payments. To transfer data, the devices equipped with the technology must be positioned within a few centimetres of each other. This makes it extremely difficult for third parties to obtain data illegally. These days, bank cards and mobile phones are increasingly fitted with NFC chips, allowing users to make small "contactless payments" at similarly equipped points of sale.

The net stable funding ratio (NSFR) is a prudential ratio that measures the extent to which a bank has medium to long-term funding for its exposures. The NSFR standard is designed to ensure sustainable and stress-resistant funding of a bank's asset-side business as well as its off-balance sheet activities. It is defined as the ratio of sustainable funding (including equity capital and long-term liabilities) over the required stable funding. The minimum ratio is 100%. The NSFR rule is scheduled to be applied in 2021.

Pursuant to the no bail-out clause (Article 125 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union), the European Union and its member states are prohibited from assuming liability for the commitments of another EU member state. By ruling out the option of being rescued in the event of fiscal negligence, this clause encourages member states to engage in responsible fiscal policy. The Treaty also bans monetary state financing by the ECB and national central banks (Article 123 TFEU) and privileged access by Union or member state institutions to financial institutions (Article 124 TFEU), in other words institutions cannot be obliged to provide public institutions with loans or those institutions that provide such loans cannot do so with any sort of discount or preferred conditions.

The interest rate on the nominal value of the principal of a bond, for example. If the price of the bond exceeds its nominal value, the interest rate calculated based on the market value (effective interest rate) will fall below the nominal interest rate, and vice versa.

In technical terms, players outside the banking system such as households, private non-profit organisations (e.g. associations, churches), the government sector and business enterprises that are not banks are referred to as non-banks.

A loan whose full redemption is uncertain. In Germany, this term is understood to mean loans requiring specific loss provisions.

Non-standard monetary policy generally refers to the monetary policy measures that were implemented largely in response to the financial and sovereign debt crisis. They may be needed in order for monetary policymakers to remain able to guarantee price stability when classic interest rate policy reaches its zero lower bound. In this situation, for all intents and purposes, interest rates cannot be lowered any further. Non-standard monetary policies include, inter alia, longer terms for central bank loans, fixed rate tender procedures with full allotment, the asset purchase programme and forward guidance.