With the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2007 and the turmoil it brought about in the international banking system, trust between commercial banks increasingly dwindled, which significantly hampered the redistribution of liquidity via the interbank market that is necessary for a functioning corridor system. Banks in the euro area began to hoard liquidity or not lend it indiscriminately to banks that were in need of liquidity, meaning that the short-term money market no longer facilitated the smooth distribution of liquidity. The volatility of short-term interest rates went up significantly. As a result, the ECB Governing Council adopted a series of non-standard monetary policy measures, thereby changing the way in which the operational framework is used to implement monetary policy.

Prior to the global financial crisis starting in 2007, the Eurosystem’s operational framework for implementing monetary policy used to be a corridor system. This involved the ECB Governing Council setting three interest rates, which usually had the same distance from each other. The rates of the deposit facility and the marginal lending facility formed the lower and upper bounds of the corridor, respectively. The relevant key interest rate on the main refinancing operations was the middle of the interest rate corridor. This system aimed to steer short-term money market rates close to the main refinancing operations rate.

The European sovereign debt crisis was characterised by the fact that some euro area countries, owing to their high levels of debt – caused in part by efforts to counter the consequences of the global financial crisis – experienced difficulties refinancing their debt and, in some cases, lost access to capital market funding. In order to protect monetary policy transmission and safeguard sufficient liquidity provision for the financial system, the ECB Governing Council adopted various non-standard measures during the course of the crisis that went beyond the scope of the usual operational framework at that time.

Die Bruttoemissionen am deutschen Rentenmarkt lagen im September 2024 mit 132,4 Mrd € über dem Wert des Vormonats (113,5 Mrd €). Nach Berücksichtigung der Tilgungen und der Eigenbestandsveränderungen der Emittenten stieg der Umlauf heimischer Rentenwerte um 13,2 Mrd € (August: 7,5 Mrd €). Ausländische Titel wurden für netto 18,1 Mrd € am deutschen Markt untergebracht, sodass der Umlauf von in- und ausländischen Schuldverschreibungen in Deutschland im Ergebnis um 31,3 Mrd € zunahm.

The prudential own funds requirements reflect a risk-oriented approach to supervision which is designed, depending on a bank's individual risk positions, to ensure that capital backing is as commensurate with risk as possible.

Der digitale Euro wäre ein digitales Zahlungsmittel. Er würde von den Zentralbanken des Euroraums ausgegeben werden – genauso wie die Euro-Banknoten. Alle Bürgerinnen und Bürger könnten den digitalen Euro nutzen. Die Zentralbanken des Euroraums würden damit den Bürgerinnen und Bürgern zusätzlich zu Bargeld ein Zahlungsmittel anbieten, das sie schnell, einfach und sicher verwenden könnten.

Details and presentations with regard to our events and conferences on payments, settlement and account management.

We could be on the verge of a global economic turning point, Bundesbank President Joachim Nagel said in an interview with the weekly newspaper “Die Zeit”. In this situation, we need more Europe, not less. Trump’s proposed trade tariffs could prove very painful for Germany. Should they be implemented, he said, we might even see negative economic growth next year. Mr Nagel considers European monetary policy to be on the right track.