Selected papers by Bundesbank researchers accepted for publication or recently published.

on the topic of balance of payments

The Byzantine Empire was one of the most significant and powerful states in the Middle Ages. It emerged from the eastern part of the Roman Empire, which was split into two in AD 395. The modern name "Byzantine Empire" is derived from the ancient Greek city of Byzantium. The Byzantines, however, considered themselves Roman. Constantinople, now Istanbul, was the capital of their empire. Its namesake, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great (306-337), refounded the city on the site of Byzantium.

In the Middle Ages, the Republic of Venice was a significant trading and naval power. Venice was the capital of a far-flung territory. The areas under the control of the lagoon city included a thin strip on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, parts of modern Greece, Crete and other islands in the Aegean.

General information

AI is changing the economy and financial markets at a rapid pace. What does this mean for the future of monetary policy? At a joint Bundesbank-SUERF conference, Bundesbank President Joachim Nagel and Executive Board member Fritzi Köhler-Geib talked with experts about how AI is reshaping central banking.

The recovery of the German economy is being delayed by uncertainty surrounding international trade policy. Only gradually will economic activity be boosted by fiscal measures. The German economy will continue to tread water in the current year.

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