The branches of the Bundesbank supply the economy with euro banknotes and coins, and offers private customers the opportunity to exchange D-Mark banknotes and coins free-of-charge and with no fixed deadline.

There are various documents available describing the structure and functioning of T2. There are for example the Information Guide for TARGET participants, the User Requirements Document, the User Detailed Functional Specifications, the User Handbooks or our Starting Guide which shall ease the first steps for new participants. These documents and even more can be found in this area. 

In der Studie zur wirtschaftlichen Lage privater Haushalte geht es unter anderem darum, wie die Haushalte für das Alter vorsorgen, wie sie ihr Erspartes anlegen und was die Haushalte von der Zukunft erwarten.

Fragen und Antworten zur Studie zur wirtschaftlichen Lage privater Haushalte

T2 is the TARGET Service for the liquidity management of all TARGET Services and the settlement of individual payments. It consists of the components CLM (Central Liquidity Management) and RTGS (Real-Time-Gross-Settlement).

The Eurosystem’s monetary policy from 2020 was shaped by the global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the surge in inflation from 2021. This ultimately led to a series of Eurosystem policy rate hikes totalling 450 basis points (from July 2022 to September 2023).

Market risk is the risk of losses in on- and off-balance sheet risk positions arising from movements in market prices. Under the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR), credit institutions are required to hold own funds for market risk to cover foreign exchange risk and commodities risk in their non-trading and trading books as well as position risk (risk of positions in debt and equity instruments) in their trading book. They can use either the standardised approach or internal risk models to calculate their market risk.

Der EZB-Rat hat beschlossen, weitere LTRO, genannt PELTRO (Pandemic emergency longer-term refinancing operation) durchzuführen, um die Liquiditätsbedingungen im Euroraum zu unterstützen und einen Beitrag zu leisten, das Funktionieren der Geldmärkte sicher zu stellen.