German economic output rose significantly in the fourth quarter of 2025, according to the Monthly Report. Growth towards the end of the year was primarily driven by private and government consumption. Households probably also benefited from strong wage growth. Industry grew its production and construction output rose significantly. According to the experts, there is no sign of any short-term trend reversal for the better in the labour market. The inflation rate stood at around 2 % at the turn of the year.

Das Eurosystem hat heute eine Roadmap für Appia veröffentlicht. Appia ist eine strategische Initiative zur Gestaltung eines tokenisierten Finanzökosystems in Europa, in dem Zentralbankgeld weiterhin eine zentrale Rolle einnimmt. Ziel ist es, das Eurosystem sowie Akteure aus dem öffentlichen und privaten Sektor zusammenzubringen, um integrierte, innovative und widerstandsfähige tokenisierte Finanzmärkte in Europa aufzubauen.

The Deutsche Bundesbank maintains securities accounts and collateral pools (collateral accounts) in its local collateral management system, which are used for the collateralisation of other transactions such as BBk own-account transactions and deposit protection.

In addition to the regularly recurring questions on enterprise metrics, expectations and access to loans, the Bundesbank frequently asks enterprises questions on various current issues. A selection of the results is presented here.

In the fourth quarter of 2025, slightly fewer firms than in the third quarter reported that they had conducted loan negotiations in the respective quarter prior to the survey period (Q4: 14.6 %, Q3: 15.7 %).

In the fourth quarter of 2025, 29 % of firms expected their short-term liquidity to decline over the next 4 months, while 16 % expected their liquidity to increase. An unchanged 29 % of firms anticipated a higher need for credit financing, while 15 % of firms expected a decline in their need for credit financing. 20 % of firms expected their access to finance to decrease, whereas 9 % of firms anticipated increased access, as in the previous quarter.

In the fourth quarter of 2025, 35 % of firms reported a decline in their short-term liquidity over the previous 12 months. By contrast, an unchanged 19 % of firms recorded an increase in their liquidity. The need for credit financing rose for 27 % of firms, but fell for 18 % of firms. 22 % of firms reported decreased access to financing sources, whilst a further 7 % reported an improvement in this regard.

Firms’ short-term inflation expectations remained stable between 2.8 % and 2.9 % over the course of the fourth quarter of 2025. The median remained unchanged at 2.5 %.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was conceived at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, and currently has 190 member countries. Germany joined the Fund in 1952. The overarching aim of the IMF is to promote economic policy cooperation and stability in the international monetary system. Its mandate also covers financial stability issues that have monetary implications.

The MFI interest rate statistics have been collected on a harmonised basis in the euro area since January 2003.They replaced the Bundesbank's interest rate statistics, which were discontinued at the end of the June 2003 reference month.

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The Deutsche Bundesbank, 19 national central banks of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) and the European Central Bank (ECB), have today jointly launched Phase III of the EU-funded “Programme for Strengthening the Central Bank Capacities in the Western Balkans” with a view to the integration to the European System of Central Banks.