Since December 2009, the statistics on financial vehicle corporations (FVCs) have included a quarterly survey, carried out at the end of the quarter, of the assets and liabilities of all FVCs in Germany.

on the topic of balance of payments

In the Federal Republic of Germany, payment services are regulated pursuant to the Payment Services Oversight Act (Zahlungsdiensteaufsichtsgesetz, ZAG).

The Eurosystem’s monetary policy from 2020 was shaped by the global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the surge in inflation from 2021. This ultimately led to a series of Eurosystem policy rate hikes totalling 450 basis points (from July 2022 to September 2023).

The Eurosystem’s monetary policy measures in the years following the European sovereign debt crisis were shaped, in particular, by a prolonged period in which inflation rates were well below the Eurosystem’s target. Against this backdrop, the ECB Governing Council decided, starting in 2014, to conduct various targeted longer-term refinancing operations (TLTROs) and launch temporary monetary policy purchase programmes in addition to the existing operational framework.

The main refinancing operations, with a weekly frequency and a maturity of one week, are the most important monetary policy instrument used by the Eurosystem for money market management.

The European sovereign debt crisis was characterised by the fact that some euro area countries, owing to their high levels of debt – caused in part by efforts to counter the consequences of the global financial crisis – experienced difficulties refinancing their debt and, in some cases, lost access to capital market funding. In order to protect monetary policy transmission and safeguard sufficient liquidity provision for the financial system, the ECB Governing Council adopted various non-standard measures during the course of the crisis that went beyond the scope of the usual operational framework at that time.

Prior to the global financial crisis starting in 2007, the Eurosystem’s operational framework for implementing monetary policy used to be a corridor system. This involved the ECB Governing Council setting three interest rates, which usually had the same distance from each other. The rates of the deposit facility and the marginal lending facility formed the lower and upper bounds of the corridor, respectively. The relevant key interest rate on the main refinancing operations was the middle of the interest rate corridor. This system aimed to steer short-term money market rates close to the main refinancing operations rate.

With the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2007 and the turmoil it brought about in the international banking system, trust between commercial banks increasingly dwindled, which significantly hampered the redistribution of liquidity via the interbank market that is necessary for a functioning corridor system. Banks in the euro area began to hoard liquidity or not lend it indiscriminately to banks that were in need of liquidity, meaning that the short-term money market no longer facilitated the smooth distribution of liquidity. The volatility of short-term interest rates went up significantly. As a result, the ECB Governing Council adopted a series of non-standard monetary policy measures, thereby changing the way in which the operational framework is used to implement monetary policy.

The Eurosystem’s operational framework for implementing monetary policy comprises the general rules for Eurosystem monetary policy instruments and procedures, by means of which the ECB Governing Council’s decisions on the implementation of monetary policy in the euro area are enacted in a decentralised manner. The Eurosystem’s monetary policy operations are executed under uniform terms and conditions in all Member States. The Bundesbank is responsible for conducting the Eurosystem’s monetary policy operations with German counterparties.

The purpose of CERT-Bundesbank is to promptly detect anomalies as well as attacks from internal and external sources.

The MaSanV details the requirements for the design of recovery plans, the content of simplified requirements for recovery plans, and the application process, conditions and the design of recovery plans by institutional protection schemes.

As to the investment fund statistics, comprehensive information is collected on funds open to the general public, specialised funds and closed-end funds which were created by domestic investment companies pursuant to the Kapitalanlagegesetzbuch.

Here you will find all publications on the subject of "External debt".

Bank profit and loss statistics provide data on the income and expenditure of MFIs on an annual basis. This involves the evaluation of the profits and losses calculated from the annual accounts which the banks must submit to the Bundesbank pursuant to section 26 of the Banking Act (Kreditwesengesetz).

MMSR is a transaction-by-transaction dataset about the Euro money market. Data contains detailed information about the secured and unsecured money market, foreign exchange swaps and Euro overnight index (EONIA) swaps. The German subset of the data, to which Deutsche Bundesbank provides access, comprises 115 reporting agents domiciled in Germany.

The Zentralkartei Banken (ZentK) is the database where the master data for the institutes with reporting obligations (MFIs, their foreign branches and subsidiaries as well as the multi-office banks) are administered chronologically and therefore their codification in all surveys of the banking statistics.

Notes

Notes on methodology

The "payments" section includes data on the payment systems employed and transaction volumes as well as statistics on securities settlement systems.

Under the European budgetary surveillance procedure, EU member states are obliged to submit data on general government deficit and debt levels to the European Commission twice a year.

Notes

Expected real interest rates are calculated based on nominal yields and inflation expectations from analyst surveys.

Director General Audit

Here you can find a wide range of information that is particularly useful for new participants, as well as the TARGET registration form, which must be completed for the initial registration but also for any subsequent amendments.

Apart from its own bilateral and multilateral projects, the Bundesbank is engaged in projects financed by third parties. These alone account for one-third of the Centre for Technical Central Bank Cooperation’s activities.

TIBER-DE (Threat Intelligence-based Ethical Red Teaming) is a framework for threat-led ethical hacking exercises to strengthen the cyber resilience of the German financial sector. Banks, insurance companies, financial market infrastructures and key service providers of the aforementioned can participate in TIBER-DE tests on a voluntary basis to perform a realistic assessment of their cyber resilience. Interested companies can obtain non-binding information about the modalities of the tests (contact see right column). Providers who offer Red Teaming or Threat Intelligence services according to the TIBER-DE framework can also approach us in order to introduce themselves.

The certificate is self-signed with the SHA-256 algorithm and is valid for twelve years.

The certificate is self-signed with the SHA-256 algorithm and is valid for twelve years.

The Bundesbank has been collecting annual statistics on foreign direct investment stocks (DI) in accordance with the provisions of the Foreign Trade and Payments Regulation (Außenwirtschaftsverordnung) since 1976 and publishes aggregated results in the Bundesbank's Special Statistical Publication 10.

The IFS-Base is the core module of the Deutsche Bundesbank’s Investment Funds Statistics (IFS). Since September 2009 the IFS allows for a detailed overview of the assets and liabilities of German open-end investment funds on a fund-by-fund level.

The quarterly Bank Lending Survey for the Euro Area (BLS) comprises qualitative questions on past and expected future lending policies by participating institutions to the private non-financial sector as well as questions on credit demand.

Anyone intending to acquire a significant holding in an institution or to increase an existing significant holding beyond certain thresholds must report this in writing without delay to BaFin and the Deutsche Bundesbank.

The SCL-Directory is used for the automated processing of SEPA payments via the Bundesbank’s RPS SEPA-Clearer. It contains all the business identifier codes (BICs) that can be reached via the SEPA-Clearer.

The certificate is self signed with the SHA-512 algorithm and is valid for 6 years.

Here you will find an overview of the publications relating to the coin and banknote collection.

Here you find related publications on banking supervision for download, regulatory documents and information and recommendations of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.